![]() ![]() ADF predominantly localises at cortical regions and starts to partly colocalise with F-actin. Much of the F-actin is depolymerised with only filaments adjacent to the plasma membrane remaining. At about 10 min after SI induction the cyt has dropped to around pH 6.4. The two p26 proteins are rapidly phosphorylated after SI induction. F-actin bundles in the shank and an F-actin ‘reverse fountain’ in the apical area can still be observed. At this early stage the vacuolar network appears as a highly dynamic reticulate structure but the cyt already starts to drop from its normal physiological pH of around 7. SI activates nonspecific cation conductance involved in mediating Ca 2+ and K + influx. ![]() For permissions, please email: 0 to 5 min after SI induction triggered by the interaction of cognate S-determinants, pollen tube growth is rapidly inhibited. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. Papaver rhoeas Acidification Arabidopsis caspase-like activity pH pollen programmed cell death (PCD) proteases self-incompatibility (SI) signalling. Finally, we outline future opportunities made possible by the functional transfer of the P. ![]() We also discuss attempts to identify protease(s) involved in the SI-PCD process. In particular, we focus on the importance of SI-induced intracellular acidification and consequences for protein function, and the regulation of soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase (Pr-p26.1) activity by post-translational modification. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the major components involved in the SI-induced PCD (SI-PCD). Cognate PrpS-PrsS interaction triggers a signalling network causing rapid growth arrest and eventually programmed cell death (PCD) in incompatible pollen. This interaction is the critical step in determining acceptance of compatible pollen or rejection of incompatible pollen. Mechanistically, one of the best-studied SI systems is that of Papaver rhoeas (poppy), which involves the interaction between the two S-determinants, a stigma-expressed secreted protein (PrsS) and a pollen-expressed plasma membrane-localized protein (PrpS). During pollination, most SI systems utilize cell-cell recognition to reject incompatible pollen. Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetically controlled mechanism that prevents self-fertilization and thus encourages outbreeding and genetic diversity. ![]()
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